Blood Component as a Gamechanger

Blood donation is a vital process that can save lives and improve health outcomes for those in need. By donating blood, you are contributing to a critical supply that hospitals and clinics rely on to treat patients every day. From knowing what to eat before your donation to understanding the importance of hydration and rest, being informed about the process can make a significant difference. Whether you're a first-time donor or a regular contributor, understanding the dos and don'ts of blood donation can help ensure a safe and positive experience for both the donor and the recipient.

CANCER

The estimated number of incident cases of cancer in India for the year 2022 was found to be 14,61,427 (crude rate:100.4 per 100,000). In India, one in nine people are likely to develop cancer in his/her lifetime. Lung and breast cancers were the leading sites of cancer in males and females, respectively. Among the childhood (0-14 yr) cancers, lymphoid leukaemia (boys: 29.2% and girls: 24.2%) was the leading site. The incidence of cancer cases is estimated to increase by 12.8 per cent in 2025 as compared to 2020. India registered about 12 lakh new cancer cases and 9.3 lakh deaths in 2019, becoming the second highest contributor to the disease burden in Asia for that year, according to a new study published in The Lancet Regional Health Southeast Asia journal. Apart from tobacco, alcohol, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle and environmental factors also contribute to the increase in cancers. Cancer patients often require platelets donation. Platelets are tiny cells in blood that form clots and stop bleeding.

SURGERY

The Lancet Commission for Global Surgery estimates that 5,000 surgeries are required to meet the surgical burden of disease for 1,00,000 people in low and middle income countries, like India. C-section is the most performed surgery in India out of the 2 crores that were conducted in the year 2019-20.

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT

Bone Marrow Transplants (BMTs) are on a steady rise in India, with about 2,500 transplants being performed yearly unlike five years ago when it was less than 500. Bone marrow transplant recipients require intensive transfusion support preceding the marrow infusion, because of their underlying disease or the chemotherapeutic agents administered, and for 14 days or more post-transplantation until engraftment has occurred and marrow function has returned. 

POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE(PPH)

Postpartum hemorrhage is more bleeding than normal after the birth of a baby. About 1 to 5 in 100 women have postpartum hemorrhage. PPH is the most common cause of maternal death during childbirth in India. PPH is exacerbated by widespread anaemia among pregnant women accounts for 38% of all maternal deaths in 2017 according to National Health Portal of India.

IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA (ITP)

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a blood disorder characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. A decrease in platelets can result in easy bruising, bleeding gums, and internal bleeding.  Population-based studies have shown that ITP has an incidence of up to 6.4 per 100000 children and 3.3 per 100000 adults per year.

CARDIAC SURGERY

Cardiac surgery, also called heart surgery, involves surgical operations performed on the heart to correct life-threatening conditions. Almost 400,000 Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgeries are performed each year making it the most commonly performed major surgical procedure. The risk of perioperative death after CABG is dependent on co-morbidities, the urgency of the surgery, and the case-volume of the center where the operation takes place, ranging from 1% to 2%

INHERITED AND ACQUIRED PLATELETS

Inherited platelet disorders (IPDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases affecting platelet production and function which includes disorders like Glanzmann Thrombasthenia and Bernard Soulier Syndrome.  Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a rare disorder and approximately 500 cases have been reported, but many cases have probably not been reported.

INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) refers to acute bleeding inside skull or brain. Intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for 10–15% of all strokes and carries very high mortality rates that have not changed over the last 30 years.

LEUKEMIA

Leukemia is a cancer of blood and the bone marrow that starts in blood forming tissue and produces large numbers of abnormal blood cells that enter the bloodstream. In India the most frequent kind of cancer in children is leukemia, accounting for 28% of cases. From 1990 to 2019, the total death rate percentage and DALYs percentage of all cancers with respect to age will exponentially increase up to the age of 65-69 years and 60-64 years from birth and decline after the age of 70 and 65 years, respectively. However, the total incidence percentage and total prevalence percentage will exponentially increase up to the age of 40-49 years from birth and decline after the age of 50 years. Leukemia accounting for around 6.8% of all cancers. Males are more prone than females to get leukemia, with a 0.7% greater prevalence in males. Leukemia accounts for 7.1% of all malignancies in men and 6.4% in women